Sustainable Farming Practices for Enhancing Soil Fertility

Soil fertility degradation poses a significant threat to global food security, with conventional farming practices contributing to nutrient depletion, erosion, and reduced biological activity. Sustainable farming practices offer viable solutions to enhance soil fertility while maintaining agricultural productivity and environmental integrity. This article examines key sustainable farming approaches including organic matter management, crop rotation, cover cropping, integrated nutrient management, and conservation tillage. The research synthesizes current literature and field evidence to demonstrate how these practices can restore soil health, improve nutrient cycling, and ensure long-term agricultural sustainability. The findings indicate that integrated sustainable practices can increase soil organic carbon by 15-30% and improve crop yields by 10-25% while reducing environmental impacts.