Biotechnological Innovations for Climate-Resilient Agriculture

Climate change poses unprecedented challenges to global agriculture, threatening food security through increased temperature extremes, altered precipitation patterns, and enhanced pest pressures. Biotechnological innovations have emerged as critical tools for developing climate-resilient agricultural systems capable of maintaining productivity under adverse environmental conditions. This comprehensive review examines cutting-edge biotechnological approaches including CRISPR gene editing, marker-assisted breeding, transgenic crop development, and synthetic biology applications in agriculture. Through analysis of recent advances in drought tolerance, heat resistance, salinity tolerance, and pathogen resistance, this study demonstrates the transformative potential of biotechnology in creating adaptive agricultural systems. The findings reveal significant progress in developing climate-smart crops that can withstand environmental stresses while maintaining nutritional quality and yield stability, providing pathways toward sustainable food production in an era of climate uncertainty.